Managing long COVID symptoms and accessing health services in Brazil: A grounded theory analysis.

Background: The worldwide community has shown significant interest in researching the management of Long COVID. However, there is scarce evidence about the daily experiences of people living with Long COVID and their insights into the healthcare services provided to them. Aims: This study aims to understand the experience of Long COVID sufferers with their symptoms and in accessing health services. Method: We employed Charmaz's grounded theory methodology, informed by constructivism, and applied the COREQ guidelines for qualitative research. Sixty-six Brazilians living with Long COVID participated in the study. The data was collected using semi-structured telephone interviews and analyzed using a constant comparative process. Findings: The findings refer firstly to the consequences of persistent Long COVID symptoms. Secondly, they describe how the disease trajectory required Long COVID sufferers to reorganize their routines and develop adaptive strategies. Lastly, they reflect a diverse array of both positive and negative interactions inside the healthcare system conveyed by individuals suffering from Long COVID. These elements converge towards the core category of the study: "The limbo of Long COVID sufferers: between the persistence of symptoms and access to health services". Conclusions: Long COVID is characterized by its varied nature, including a range of physical and emotional repercussions experienced by individuals. There is a need for enhanced comprehension and discourse about Long COVID across several domains, including the general public, policy-making entities, and healthcare professionals. In this sense, the development of specialized services or the reinforcement of existing services to support long COVID sufferers is imperative.

Prevalence and factors associated with the death of older people hospitalized due to Covid-19 in the state of Paraná.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and to analyze the factors associated with the death of older people hospitalized due to Covid-19 in the state of Paraná. METHOD: Cross-sectional study conducted with secondary data from older people with a positive diagnosis of Covid-19 living in the State of Paraná, collected from March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021. Prevalence ratios were obtained by adjusting the regression model. RESULTS: A total of 16,153 deaths of older people hospitalized in the State of Paraná were analyzed. The adjusted model revealed an association between death and some factors such as: belonging to the age group of 75 to 84 years (PR = 1.28; CI95% = 1.24-1.32) and 85 years or over (PR = 1.52; CI95% = 1.45-1.59); male (PR = 1.17; CI95% = 1.13-1.21); obesity (PR = 1.23; CI95% = 1.16-1.29); other morbidities (PR = 1.25; CI95% = 1.20-1.30); and having used ventilatory support (PR = 2.60; CI95% = 2.33-2.86). Older people vaccinated against influenza had a probability of death reduced by 11% (PR = 0.89; CI95% = 0.86-0.93). CONCLUSION: The association of age, sex, and diagnosis of previous comorbidities with unfavorable outcomes from Covid-19 was identified. Having received the flu vaccine provided protection to elderly people who contracted SARS-CoV-2.

Perceived quality of life and associated factors in long COVID syndrome among older Brazilians: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to: (a) determine the personal, sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural, and social characteristics of older Brazilians with clinical evidence of long COVID; (b) evaluate perceived quality of life and determine its association with personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical and social variables; and (c) assess significant predictors of high perceived QoL. BACKGROUND: Given the inherent vulnerabilities of the ageing process, the older people are an at-risk group for both contagion of SARS-CoV-2 and the perpetuation of residual symptoms after infection, the so-called long COVID or post-COVID syndrome. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey design using the STROBE checklist. METHODS: Brazilian older people with long COVID syndrome (n = 403) completed a phone survey measuring personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical, and social characteristics, and perceived Quality of Life (QoL). Data were collected from June 2021-March 2022. A multiple linear regression model was performed to identify salient variables associated with high perceived QoL. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 67.7 ± 6.6 years old. The results of the multivariate regression model showed that race, home ownership, daily screen time, musculoskeletal and anxiety symptoms, and work situation were the significant predictors of QoL among COVID-19 survivors. CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge about the persistence of physical, emotional, and social symptoms of COVID-19 can help nurses and other healthcare providers to improve the management of survivors, bringing benefits to the whole society. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Given the novelty of long-COVID and its heterogeneous trajectory, interventions focusing on the repercussions and requirements unique to more vulnerable older persons should be developed and these aspects should be included in public health recommendations and policymakers' concerns. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution was required to design, to outcome measures or undertake this research. Patients/members of the public contributed only to the data collection.

"Feeling Trapped in Prison" Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perceptions and Practices among Healthcare Workers and Prison Staff from a Brazilian Maximum Security Unit.

The COVID-19 pandemic had several repercussions on prison staff, but the currently available evidence has mainly ignored these effects. This qualitative study aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on the prison system through the narratives of health and security professionals, using the methodological framework of the constructivist grounded theory proposed by Charmaz. The sample included 10 healthcare workers and 10 security professionals. Data collection took place between October and November 2022 through individual in-depth interviews. The data were analyzed using the MaxQDA software. Three categories of interrelated data emerged: (1) "Confrontation and disruption" caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the prison system; (2) "Between disinfodemic and solicitude" referring to the tension between information management and the practice of care centered on the needs of inmates; and, finally, (3) "Reorganization and mitigation strategies during the fight against COVID-19". Continuous education and the development of specific skills are essential to enable professionals to face the challenges and complex demands that arise in prison contexts. The daily routines professionals had previously taken for granted were disrupted by COVID-19. Thus, investing in adequate training and emotional support programs is crucial to promote the resilience and well-being of these professionals, ensuring an efficient and quality response to critical events.

Meanings and Experiences of Prisoners and Family Members Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Brazilian Prison Unit: A Grounded Theory Analysis.

Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic represented a health emergency for prisons. This study sought to understand the meanings and experiences through the narratives of prisoners and family members affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of a maximum-security state penitentiary complex in southern Brazil. For this purpose, a qualitative study was developed based on the methodological framework of constructivist grounded theory. Data were collected between February and August 2022 through individual in-depth interviews and field notes. The sample consisted of 41 participants: 28 male prisoners, and 13 family members. Guided by the Charmaz method of grounded theory analysis, the study afforded the core category "Feeling trapped in prison during the COVID-19 pandemic" with three interrelated phases: "Triggering", "Escalating", and "Readjustment". The "Triggering" phase refers to COVID-19-related elements or events that triggered certain reactions, processes, or changes in prison. During the "Escalating" phase, participants became overwhelmed by the suffering caused by incarceration and the pandemic crisis. The "Readjustment" phase involved adapting, reorienting, or reformulating previous approaches or strategies for dealing with a specific situation. Prisons faced complex challenges during the pandemic and were forced to prioritize protecting public health. However, the measures adopted must be carefully evaluated, ensuring their needs and that they are based on scientific evidence. The punitive approach can undermine inmate trust in prison authorities, making it difficult to report symptoms and adhere to preventive measures.

Fear of COVID-19, Mental Health and Resilient Coping in Young Adult Male Inmates: A Portuguese Cross-Sectional Study.

Inmates are highly exposed to mental and physical disorders. Therefore, periodic screening of their mental health and other health risks is required. This study aims to investigate the perceived fear of COVID-19 and the psychological impact of the pandemic in a sample of young adult male inmates. An institutional-based quantitative cross-sectional study design was performed. Data collection took place from July to September 2022 at a juvenile prison in the central region of Portugal. Data were collected using questionnaires on demographic and health characteristics; fear of COVID-19; depression, anxiety and stress levels; and resilient coping. The sample included 60 male inmates imprisoned for over 2 years. Stress was the most common symptom among inmates (75%), followed by anxiety (38.3%) and depression (36.7%). The mean score on the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was 17.38 ± 4.80, indicating relatively low fear levels. Low resilient scores were found in 38 participants (63.3%). Participants reported moderately high ranges of 3.62 ± 0.87 regarding mental health perception, 3.73 ± 0.95 for physical health perception, and 3.27 ± 0.82 for global health concerning the previous month. The Pearson correlation matrix indicated significant and moderate to strong correlations between fear of COVID-19 and mental health-related variables (p < 0.001). The predicting factors of fear of COVID-19 were identified by deploying a multiple linear regression model. We found four predictors: age, perception of mental health, and overall levels of anxiety and stress (R2 = 0.497). Fear of a given scenario or factor may shift with time. Therefore, long-term research is needed to evaluate whether fear of COVID-19 is adaptive or long-reactive in victims. Our study can assist policymakers, mental health and public health experts, and others in recognizing and managing pandemic-related fears and mental health symptoms.

Medidas antropométricas associadas ao tempo de encarceramento de pessoas privadas de liberdade / Medidas antropométricas relacionadas con el tiempo de encarcelamiento de personas privadas de la libertad / Anthropometric measures associated with incarceration length of persons deprived of their liberty

Resumo Objetivo Analisar as medidas antropométricas associadas ao tempo de encarceramento de pessoas privadas de liberdade. Métodos Estudo transversal, realizado com 220 homens privados de liberdade. Os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumento que abrangia informações do encarceramento atual, sociodemográficas e das condições de vida antes do encarceramento, além de aferição de medidas antropométricas. Utilizaram-se estatística descritiva, testes de associações e ajuste de modelos de regressão logística binária controlados pelo tempo de encarceramento (até 1ano e mais de 1ano). Resultados Houve associação significativa entre o tempo de encarceramento e a circunferência abdominal (RC de 0,41; IC95%0,16-0,97). Os resultados da correlação de Spearman apontaram que, à medida que aumentou o tempo de encarceramento, as medidas antropométricas diminuíram, com relação negativa de fraca magnitude e significativa apenas para o índice de conicidade (r=-0,1648; p=0,0144). Os modelos ajustados controlados pelo tempo de encarceramento mostraram associações significativas com idade em anos (RC de 1,08; IC95%=1,04;1,12) e circunferência abdominal; idade (RC de 1,08; IC95%1,04-1,12) e razão cintura e estatura; e idade (RC de 1,10; IC95%1,06-1,14), anos de estudo (RC de 2,17; IC95%1,10-4,26) e possuir parceiro(a) (RC de 0,46; IC95%0,22-0,93) com o índice de conicidade. Conclusão À medida que aumenta o tempo de encarceramento, há redução das medidas antropométricas das pessoas privadas de liberdade. As variáveis antropométricas influenciam diretamente no desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e devem ser monitoradas para elaboração de estratégias que minimizem os riscos e os agravos à saúde dessa população vulnerável.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar las medidas antropométricas relacionadas con el tiempo de encarcelamiento de personas privadas de la libertad. Métodos Estudio transversal, realizado con 220 hombres privados de la libertad. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante un instrumento que incluía información del encarcelamiento actual, sociodemográfica y de las condiciones de vida antes del encarcelamiento, además de la comparación de medidas antropométricas. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, pruebas de asociación y ajuste de modelos de regresión logística binaria controlados por el tiempo de encarcelamiento (hasta 1 año y más de 1 año). Resultados Hubo asociación significativa entre el tiempo de encarcelamiento y la circunferencia abdominal (RC de 0,41; IC95%0,16-0,97). Los resultados de la correlación de Spearman indicaron que, a media que aumentaba el tiempo de encarcelamiento, las medidas antropométricas disminuían, con relación negativa de escasa magnitud y significativa para el índice de conicidad (r=-0,1648; p=0,0144). Los modelos ajustados controlados por el tiempo de encarcelamiento mostraron asociaciones significativas con la edad en años (RC de 1,08; IC95%=1,04;1,12) y circunferencia abdominal; edad (RC de 1,08; IC95%1,04-1,12) y razón de cintura y estatura; y edad (RC de 1,10; IC95%1,06-1,14), años de estudio (RC de 2,17; IC95%1,10-4,26) y tener pareja (RC de 0,46; IC95%0,22-0,93) con el índice de conicidad. Conclusión A medida que aumenta el tiempo de encarcelamiento, hay una reducción de las medidas antropométricas de las personas privadas de la libertad. Las variables antropométricas influyen directamente en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y deben controlarse para la elaboración de estrategias que minimicen los riesgos y los agravios a la salud de esta población vulnerable.

Abstract Objective To analyze the anthropometric measures associated with incarceration length of people deprived of their liberty. Methods This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 220 men deprived of their liberty. Data were collected using an instrument that included information on current incarceration, sociodemographic information and living conditions before incarceration, in addition to measuring anthropometric measures. Descriptive statistics, association tests and adjustment of binary logistic regression models controlled by incarceration length (up to 1 year and more than 1 year) were used. Results There was a significant association between incarceration length and abdominal circumference (OR 0.41; 95%CI 0.16-0.97). The results of Spearman's correlation showed that, as the incarceration length increased, the anthropometric measures decreased, with a negative relationship of weak magnitude and significant only for the conicity index (r=-0.1648; p=0.0144). Adjusted models controlled for incarceration length showed significant associations with age in years (OR 1.08; 95%CI=1.04;1.12) and abdominal circumference; age (OR 1.08; 95%CI 1.04-1.12) and waist-to-height ratio; and age (OR 1.10; 95%CI 1.06-1.14), years of education (OR 2.17; 95%CI 1.10-4.26) and having a partner (OR 0 .46; 95%CI0.22-0.93) with the conicity index. Conclusion As incarceration length increases, there is a reduction in the anthropometric measures of persons deprived of their liberty. Anthropometric variables directly influence the development of non-communicable chronic diseases and must be monitored to develop strategies that minimize the risks and health problems of this vulnerable population.

Prevalence and factors associated with the death of older people hospitalized due to Covid-19 in the state of Paraná / Prevalencia y factores asociados a la muerte de personas mayores hospitalizadas por Covid-19 en el estado de Paraná / Prevalência e fatores associados ao óbito de idosos hospitalizados por Covid-19 no estado do Paraná

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to analyze the factors associated with the death of older people hospitalized due to Covid-19 in the state of Paraná. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted with secondary data from older people with a positive diagnosis of Covid-19 living in the State of Paraná, collected from March 1, 2020 to August 31, 2021. Prevalence ratios were obtained by adjusting the regression model. Results: A total of 16,153 deaths of older people hospitalized in the State of Paraná were analyzed. The adjusted model revealed an association between death and some factors such as: belonging to the age group of 75 to 84 years (PR = 1.28; CI95% = 1.24-1.32) and 85 years or over (PR = 1.52; CI95% = 1.45-1.59); male (PR = 1.17; CI95% = 1.13-1.21); obesity (PR = 1.23; CI95% = 1.16-1.29); other morbidities (PR = 1.25; CI95% = 1.20-1.30); and having used ventilatory support (PR = 2.60; CI95% = 2.33-2.86). Older people vaccinated against influenza had a probability of death reduced by 11% (PR = 0.89; CI95% = 0.86-0.93). Conclusion: The association of age, sex, and diagnosis of previous comorbidities with unfavorable outcomes from Covid-19 was identified. Having received the flu vaccine provided protection to elderly people who contracted SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Prevalencia y factores asociados a la muerte de personas mayores hospitalizadas por Covid-19 en el estado de Paraná* Método: Estudio transversal realizado con datos secundarios de personas mayores con diagnóstico positivo de Covid-19 residentes en el Estado de Paraná, recolectados del 1 de marzo de 2020 al 31 de agosto de 2021. Las razones de prevalencia se obtuvieron ajustando el modelo de regresión. Resultados: Se analizaron 16.153 muertes de personas mayores hospitalizadas en el Estado de Paraná. El modelo ajustado reveló asociación entre la muerte y algunos factores como: pertenecer al grupo etario de 75 a 84 años (RP = 1,28; IC95% = 1,24-1,32) y 85 años o más (RP = 1,52; IC95% = 1,45-1,59); masculino (RP = 1,17; IC95% = 1,13-1,21); obesidad (RP = 1,23; IC95% = 1,16-1,29); otras morbilidades (RP = 1,25; IC95% = 1,20-1,30); y haber utilizado soporte ventilatorio (RP = 2,60; IC95% = 2,33-2,86). Las personas mayores vacunadas contra la influenza tuvieron una probabilidad de muerte reducida en un 11% (RP = 0,89; IC95% = 0,86-0,93). Conclusión: Se identificó la asociación de la edad, el sexo y el diagnóstico de comorbilidades previas con resultados desfavorables por Covid-19. Haber recibido la vacuna contra la gripe brindó protección a las personas mayores que contrajeron el SARS-CoV-2.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados ao óbito de idosos hospitalizados por Covid-19 no Estado do Paraná. Método: Estudo transversal conduzido com dados secundários de idosos com diagnóstico positivo de Covid-19 residentes no Estado do Paraná, coletados no período de 01 de março de 2020 a 31 de agosto de 2021. As razões de prevalências foram obtidas por meio do ajuste de modelo de regressão. Resultados: Foram analisados 16.153 óbitos de idosos hospitalizados no Estado do Paraná. O modelo ajustado revelou associação do óbito a alguns fatores como: pertencer a faixa etária dos 75 a 84 anos (RP = 1,28; IC95% = 1,24-1,32) e 85 anos ou mais (RP = 1,52; IC95% = 1,45-1,59); sexo masculino (RP = 1,17; IC95% = 1,13-1,21); obesidade (RP = 1,23; IC95% = 1,16-1,29); outras morbidades (RP = 1,25; IC95% = 1,20-1,30); e ter utilizado suporte ventilatório (RP = 2,60; IC95% = 2,33-2,86). Idosos vacinados contra a gripe tiveram probabilidade de morte reduzida em 11% (RP = 0,89; IC95% = 0,86-0,93). Conclusão: Identificou-se a associação da idade, sexo e diagnóstico de comorbidades prévias aos desfechos desfavoráveis da Covid-19. Ter recebido o imunizante contra a gripe conferiu proteção aos idosos que contraíram o SARS-CoV-2.

Aged people's health needs in the face of long covid-19 and access to health services / Requerimientos de salud de adultos mayores frente a covid-19 prolongado y acceso a servicios de salud / Necessidades de saúde dos idosos frente à covid longa e o acesso aos serviços de saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the health needs of aged people who had long Covid-19 and details about access to the health system to meet these demands. Method: an exploratory and qualitative study carried out with 41 aged individuals who had Covid-19 in 2020 and presented residual symptoms 18 months after the infection. Data collection took place between February and July 2022 through semi-structured interviews via telephone calls. In the analysis, initial and focused coding analytical techniques were used and the conceptual basis was grounded on the Primary Health Care "Accessibility" attribute. Results: four categories emerged when analyzing the results, namely: Understanding the need for professional care; Recognizing the demands that led aged people to seek health services; Understanding availability of the services; and Analyzing payment capacity. Conclusion: the aged population has developed specific health demands related to long Covid-19, and public and private health services are heterogeneous in their approach to this new condition, as care based on guidelines proposed by official bodies is not unanimous in public and private services and Health Plan Operators.

RESUMEN Objetivo: averiguar las necesidades de salud de los adultos mayores que tuvieron Covid-19 prolongado y detalles del acceso al sistema de salud para suplir estos requerimientos. Método: estudio cualitativo y exploratorio realizado con 41 adultos mayores que tuvieron Covid-19 en 2020 y presentaron síntomas residuales 18 meses después de la infección. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar entre febrero y julio de 2022 por medio de entrevistas telefónicas semiestructuradas; en el análisis se utilizaron las técnicas analíticas de codificación inicial y focalizada y la base conceptual se fundamentó en el atributo "Accesibilidad" de la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Resultados: surgieron cuatro categorías en el análisis de los resultados, a saber: Comprender la necesidad de atención profesional; Reconocer los requerimientos que llevaron a los adultos mayores a procurar un servicio de salud; Percibir la disponibilidad de los servicios; y Analizar la capacidad de pago. Conclusión: la población anciana desarrolló requerimientos de la salud específicos relacionados con Covid-19 prolongado y los servicios de salud públicos y privados presentan cierta heterogeneidad en relación al enfoque de esta nueva condición, puesto que la atención basada en directrices propuestas por órganos oficiales no es unánime en los servicios públicos, privados y de Operadoras de Planes de Salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as necessidades de saúde dos idosos que tiveram a Covid longa e o acesso ao sistema de saúde para atender essas demandas. Método: estudo qualitativo exploratório, realizado com 41 idosos que tiveram Covid-19 no ano de 2020 e apresentaram sintomas residuais após 18 meses da infecção. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre fevereiro e julho de 2022 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas via telefone. Na análise foram utilizadas as técnicas de codificação inicial e focalizada e a base conceitual se fundamentou no atributo "Acessibilidade" da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: na análise dos resultados emergiram quatro categorias: Compreendendo a necessidade de atendimento profissional; Reconhecendo as demandas que levaram os idosos a buscar o serviço de saúde; Percebendo a disponibilidade dos serviços; e Analisando a capacidade de pagamento. Conclusão: a população idosa desenvolveu demandas específicas de saúde relacionadas à Covid longa, e os serviços de saúde público e privado possuem heterogeneidade quanto à abordagem dessa nova condição, uma vez que o atendimento pautado em diretrizes propostas por órgãos oficiais não é unânime nos serviços públicos, privados e Operadoras de Plano de Saúde.

Illness Experiences of Brazilian People Who Were Hospitalized Due to COVID-19 and Faced Long COVID Repercussions in Their Daily Life: A Constructivist Grounded Theory Study.

Long COVID is a multisystem condition that has multiple consequences for the physical, mental, and social health of COVID-19 survivors. The impact of the long COVID condition remains unclear, particularly among middle-aged and older adults, who are at greater risk than younger people of persisting symptoms associated with COVID-19. Therefore, we aimed to understand the experiences of middle-aged and older people who had been hospitalized for COVID-19 and the repercussions of long-term COVID symptoms in their daily lives. A qualitative study was carried out, adopting the framework of the constructivist grounded theory (CGT) proposed by Kathy Charmaz. Fifty-six middle-aged and older adult participants from the southern region of Brazil were recruited. Data were gathered from semi-structured telephone interviews. Concomitantly a comparative analysis was performed to identify categories and codes using the MaxQDA® software (version 2022). Three subcategories were identified: (1) experiencing COVID-19 in the acute phase; (2) oscillating between 'good days' and 'bad days' in long COVID; and (3) (re)constructing identity. These concepts interact with each other and converge upon the central category of this study: recasting oneself to the uniqueness of the illness experience of long COVID. Our findings provided insights related to the disruption in the lives of long COVID-19 sufferers who still live with persistent symptoms of the disease, including physical, social, family, emotional and spiritual repercussions. Likewise, this study may aid in developing friendly and welcoming social environments, lowering stigma and prejudice towards patients with long COVID, and fostering prompt and suitable policy support and mental health care for these individuals.

Factors associated with risk related to the use of psychoactive substances by men deprived of their liberty.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the factors associated with risk related to the use of psychoactive substances in male inmates of a prison in a city in the South of Brazil. METHOD: a cross-sectional data from 220 men deprived of liberty, inmates of a provisional custody institution in the State of Paraná, collected with a screening instrument and questionnaire. Binary logistic regression and odds ratio analysis were used to verify associations between risk related to substance use and socio-demographic characteristics of living conditions before incarceration and current incarceration. RESULTS: the adjusted model revealed association of consumption with skin color brown/black and yellow, those who had only one parent responsible until age 15, age at first arrest 18 or older, professing religion, working before arrest, owning their own house, living alone, receiving visitors in prison. CONCLUSION: the identified factors are useful to insert effective treatment proposals and reduce the gaps and social vulnerability existing in prison.

Factors associated with risk related to the use of psychoactive substances by men deprived of their liberty / Fatores associados ao risco relacionado ao uso de substâncias psicoativas por homens privados de liberdade / Factores asociados al riesgo relacionado con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas por hombres privados de libertad

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the factors associated with risk related to the use of psychoactive substances in male inmates of a prison in a city in the South of Brazil. Method: a cross-sectional data from 220 men deprived of liberty, inmates of a provisional custody institution in the State of Paraná, collected with a screening instrument and questionnaire. Binary logistic regression and odds ratio analysis were used to verify associations between risk related to substance use and socio-demographic characteristics of living conditions before incarceration and current incarceration. Results: the adjusted model revealed association of consumption with skin color brown/black and yellow, those who had only one parent responsible until age 15, age at first arrest 18 or older, professing religion, working before arrest, owning their own house, living alone, receiving visitors in prison. Conclusion: the identified factors are useful to insert effective treatment proposals and reduce the gaps and social vulnerability existing in prison.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar os fatores associados ao risco relacionado ao uso de substâncias psicoativas em homens internos de uma prisão em um município do Sul do Brasil. Método: dados transversais de 220 homens privados de liberdade, internos de uma instituição de custódia provisória no Estado do Paraná, coletados com instrumento de rastreamento e questionário. Utilizaram-se análise de regressão logística binária e razão de chances para verificar associações entre o risco relacionado ao uso de substâncias psicoativas e as características sociodemográficas das condições de vida antes do encarceramento e do encarceramento atual. Resultados: o modelo ajustado revelou associação do consumo com a cor da pele parda/preta e amarela, aqueles que tiveram apenas um dos pais responsável até os 15 anos de idade, idade da primeira prisão com 18 anos ou mais, professar religião, trabalhar antes da prisão, moradia própria, morar sozinho, receber visitas na prisão. Conclusão: os fatores identificados são úteis para inserir propostas de tratamento eficazes e reduzir as lacunas e a vulnerabilidade social existentes na prisão.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar los factores asociados al riesgo relacionado con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas en hombres internados en una prisión, en un municipio en el Sur de Brasil. Método: datos transversales de 220 hombres privados de libertad, internados en una institución de custodia provisional, en el estado de Paraná, recolectados con instrumento de rastreo y cuestionario. Se utilizó el análisis de regresión logística binaria y la razón de chances para verificar asociaciones entre el riesgo relacionado con el uso de sustancias psicoactivas y las características sociodemográficas, de las condiciones de vida antes del encarcelamiento y del encarcelamiento actual. Resultados: el modelo ajustado reveló asociación del consumo con: el color de la piel marrón/negra y amarilla; aquellos que tuvieron apenas uno de los padres responsables hasta los 15 años de edad; edad de la primera prisión con 18 años o más; profesar religión; trabajar antes de la prisión; residencia propia; vivir solo; y, recibir visitas en la prisión. Conclusión: los factores identificados son útiles para introducir propuestas de tratamientos eficaces y reducir los vacíos y la vulnerabilidad social existentes en la prisión.

People deprived of their freedom: nursing diagnoses in the light of Horta's Theory / Personas privadas de libertad: diagnóstico de enfermería a la luz de la Teoría de Horta / Pessoas privadas de liberdade: diagnóstico de enfermagem à luz da Teoria de Horta

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the Nursing diagnoses in men deprived of their freedom, based on the Basic Human Needs framework. Methods: a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach conducted by means of the Theory of Basic Human Needs framework. Data collection took place from June to November 2019, with individual interviews carried out with 220 men deprived of their freedom. The data were submitted to thematic and content analysis directed to NANDA International Taxonomy II. All ethical aspects were respected. Results: 12 Nursing diagnoses belonging to the categories of health problems and potential risks were identified, grouped and interpreted according to the theoretical framework. Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, overweight, risk-prone health behavior, and ineffective health control are factors that have been related to the psychobiological needs. Involvement in recreational activities, anxiety, ineffective coping, risk of violence directed toward others, disrupted family processes, and risk of ineffective relationships were related to the psychosocial needs, while the risk of impaired religiosity was related to the psychospiritual needs. Conclusion: the absence of Nursing diagnoses in the health promotion category signals the need for actions that provide quality of life to these people.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar diagnósticos de Enfermería en hombres privados de su libertad, sobre la base del marco referencial de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. Métodos: estudio exploratorio y descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo realizado de conformidad con el marco referencial de la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar entre junio y noviembre de 2019, por medio de entrevistas individuales realizadas con 220 hombres privados de su libertad. Los datos se sometieron a análisis temático y de contenido dirigido a la taxonomía II de NANDA Internacional. Se respetaron todos los aspectos éticos. Resultados: se identificaron 12 diagnósticos de Enfermería pertenecientes a las categorías de problemas de salud y riesgos potenciales, agrupados e interpretados de acuerdo con el referencial teórico. Estilo de vida sedentario, obesidad, sobrepeso, conductas de salud propensas a riesgo y control ineficaz de la salud fueron factores que se relacionaron con las necesidades psicobiológicas. A su vez, menor participación en actividades de recreación, ansiedad, estrategias de enfrentamiento ineficaces, riesgo de violencia hacia otras personas, procesos familiares interrumpidos y riesgo de vinculación ineficaz se mostraron relacionados con las necesidades psicosociales, en tanto que el riesgo de religiosidad perjudicada presentó una relación con las necesidades psicoespirituales. Conclusión: la ausencia de diagnósticos de Enfermería de la categoría de promoción de la salud indica la necesidad de implementar acciones que propicien la calidad de vida de estas personas.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem em homens privados de liberdade, com ancoragem no referencial das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. Métodos: estudo exploratório descritivo de abordagem qualitativa conduzido pelo referencial da Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. A coleta de dados ocorreu nos meses de junho a novembro de 2019, com entrevistas individuais realizadas com 220 homens privados de liberdade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática e de conteúdo dirigida à taxonomia II da NANDA Internacional. Todos os aspectos éticos foram respeitados. Resultados: foram identificados 12 diagnósticos de enfermagem pertencentes às categorias de problemas de saúde e riscos potenciais, agrupados e interpretados conforme o referencial teórico. Estilo de vida sedentário, obesidade, sobrepeso, comportamento de saúde propenso a risco e controle ineficaz da saúde são fatores que se relacionaram às necessidades psicobiológicas. Já o envolvimento em atividades de recreação diminuído, ansiedade, enfrentamento ineficaz, risco de violência direcionada a outros, processos familiares interrompidos e risco de relacionamento ineficaz se mostraram relacionados às necessidades psicossociais, ao passo que o risco de religiosidade prejudicada apresentou relação com as necessidades psicoespirituais. Conclusão: a ausência de diagnósticos de enfermagem da categoria de promoção da saúde sinaliza a necessidade de ações que propiciem qualidade de vida a essas pessoas.